Image MIME Reference
CMU-Raster
CMU Window Manager Raster
image/x-cmu-raster
VS
JPEG 2000 Codestream
image/j2c
J2C
A complete technical comparison of CMU Window Manager Raster and JPEG 2000 Codestream — covering compression, feature support, browser compatibility, magic bytes, and when to choose each format.
Equal browser support
Feature Support
| Feature | CMU-Raster | J2C |
|---|---|---|
| Transparency (Alpha) | ✕ No | Yes |
| Animation Support | ✕ No | ✕ No |
| Progressive Loading | ✕ No | Yes |
| HDR Support | ✕ No | Yes |
| EXIF Metadata | ✕ No | ✕ No |
| ICC Color Profile | ✕ No | ✕ No |
CMU Window Manager Raster
image/x-cmu-raster
Extension
.ras
Container
CMU Window Manager Bitmap
Compression
Uncompressed
Algorithm
None
Color Depth
1-bit (Monochrome), 8-bit (Indexed/Grayscale)
Developed by
Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)
Released
1980s
Magic Bytes
F1 00 40 BB
JPEG 2000 Codestream
image/j2c
Extension
.j2c.j2k.jpc
Container
None (Raw Bitstream)
Compression
JPEG 2000 (Discrete Wavelet Transform) / Lossless / Lossy
Algorithm
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)
Color Depth
8-bit, 10-bit, 12-bit, 16-bit (Per Channel)
Developed by
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
Released
2000
Magic Bytes
FF 4F FF 51
Browser Support Comparison
| Browser | CMU-Raster | J2C |
|---|---|---|
Chrome
|
✕ | ✕ |
Firefox
|
✕ | ✕ |
Safari
|
✕ | ✕ |
Edge
|
✕ | ✕ |
IE (Legacy)
|
✕ | ✕ |
CMU-Raster
CMU-Raster Strengths
- Incredibly simple, uncompressed binary structure that was easy for early, memory-constrained UNIX workstations to parse and render
Limitations
- Completely obsolete and unsupported outside of niche historical command-line tools like Netpbm
- The shared '.ras' file extension causes frequent file misidentification and system conflicts
- Lacks all modern imaging features, including metadata, compression, and alpha channel transparency
J2C
J2C Strengths
- Provides state-of-the-art wavelet compression for high-end professional workflows (Digital Cinema)
- Allows for highly efficient progressive decoding (by resolution or quality layer) natively within the stream
- Supports lossless mathematical compression and high bit-depths (up to 16-bit per channel) natively
Limitations
- Lacks a standard container to store color space info or metadata, requiring external systems (like MXF or DICOM) to map colors correctly
- Extremely computationally expensive to encode and decode compared to standard DCT-based JPEG
- Zero web browser support
When to choose which format
CMU-Raster
Use CMU-Raster when…
- Historical UNIX / Andrew Project Archival
- Legacy Academic Computing Research
J2C
Use J2C when…
- Digital Cinema Packages (DCP)
- Medical Imaging (DICOM Payloads)
- Professional Broadcast and Archiving
- Embedded Hardware Encoding