Image MIME Reference
HEIF
High Efficiency Image File Format
image/heif
VS
JPEG 2000 Part 2 (Extended)
image/jpx
JPX
A complete technical comparison of High Efficiency Image File Format and JPEG 2000 Part 2 (Extended) — covering compression, feature support, browser compatibility, magic bytes, and when to choose each format.
Equal browser support
Feature Support
| Feature | HEIF | JPX |
|---|---|---|
| Transparency (Alpha) | Yes | Yes |
| Animation Support | Yes | Yes |
| Progressive Loading | ✕ No | Yes |
| HDR Support | Yes | Yes |
| EXIF Metadata | Yes | Yes |
| ICC Color Profile | Yes | Yes |
High Efficiency Image File Format
image/heif
Extension
.heif.hif
Container
HEIF / ISOBMFF (ISO/IEC 14496-12)
Compression
Lossy / Lossless
Algorithm
Codec Agnostic (HEVC, AVC, JPEG, AV1)
Color Depth
8-bit, 10-bit, 12-bit, 16-bit
Developed by
Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)
Released
2015
Magic Bytes
XX XX XX XX 66 74 79 70 6D 69 66 31
JPEG 2000 Part 2 (Extended)
image/jpx
Extension
.jpx.jpf
Container
ISOBMFF / JPX (ISO/IEC 15444-2)
Compression
Lossy / Lossless
Algorithm
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)
Color Depth
8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 38-bit
Developed by
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
Released
2002
Magic Bytes
00 00 00 0C 6A 50 20 20 0D 0A 87 0A ... 66 74 79 70 6A 70 78 20
Browser Support Comparison
| Browser | HEIF | JPX |
|---|---|---|
Chrome
|
✕ | ✕ |
Firefox
|
✕ | ✕ |
Safari
|
✕ | ✕ |
Edge
|
✕ | ✕ |
IE (Legacy)
|
✕ | ✕ |
HEIF
HEIF Strengths
- Highly flexible container that can store image bursts, animations, focal stacks, and stereo 3D images in one file
- Natively supports depth maps and alpha channels, making it perfect for computational photography
- When paired with modern codecs like HEVC or AV1, it provides massive storage savings over legacy formats like JPEG
Limitations
- Codec agnosticism makes broad software decoding difficult, as the container might hold proprietary or unsupported codecs
- Zero cross-platform web browser support, requiring conversion for online publishing
- Often confused with the more specific 'image/heic' and 'image/avif' MIME types
JPX
JPX Strengths
- Removes the color space limitations of baseline JP2, adding native support for CMYK, CIE Lab, and custom vendor color spaces
- Supports multiple codestreams in a single file, allowing for rich compositing and animation
- Enables fragmented files where image data and metadata can reside in separate physical files via data references
Limitations
- Extremely complex specification makes full software implementation rare, leading to compatibility issues
- Zero web browser support, rendering it unsuitable for public internet distribution
- Often overkill for standard imaging tasks where baseline JP2 or modern alternatives like AVIF suffice
When to choose which format
HEIF
Use HEIF when…
- Digital Photography
- Camera Capture
- Image Archiving
- Multi-image composites
JPX
Use JPX when…
- Prepress & Commercial Printing (CMYK)
- Geospatial Data
- Archival Preservation
- Medical Imaging