Image MIME Reference
DPX
Digital Picture Exchange
image/dpx
VS
X Window Dump (Legacy MIME Alias)
image/x-xwindowdump
XWD
A complete technical comparison of Digital Picture Exchange and X Window Dump (Legacy MIME Alias) — covering compression, feature support, browser compatibility, magic bytes, and when to choose each format.
Equal browser support
Feature Support
| Feature | DPX | XWD |
|---|---|---|
| Transparency (Alpha) | Yes | Yes |
| Animation Support | ✕ No | ✕ No |
| Progressive Loading | ✕ No | ✕ No |
| HDR Support | Yes | ✕ No |
| EXIF Metadata | ✕ No | ✕ No |
| ICC Color Profile | ✕ No | ✕ No |
Digital Picture Exchange
image/dpx
Extension
.dpx
Container
DPX (SMPTE ST 268)
Compression
Uncompressed / RLE (Rarely used)
Algorithm
Uncompressed
Color Depth
8-bit, 10-bit, 12-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit (Float)
Developed by
SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)
Released
1994
Magic Bytes
53 44 50 58 (Big-endian) / 58 50 44 53 (Little-endian)
X Window Dump (Legacy MIME Alias)
image/x-xwindowdump
Extension
.xwd.wd
Container
XWDHeader / XWDFileHeader Structure
Compression
Uncompressed
Algorithm
None
Color Depth
8-bit (Indexed), 16-bit (High Color), 24-bit (True Color), 32-bit (True Color with Alpha/Padding)
Developed by
MIT / X Consortium (X Window System)
Released
1987
Magic Bytes
00 00 00 64 (Typically indicates a 100-byte header size followed by version)
Browser Support Comparison
| Browser | DPX | XWD |
|---|---|---|
Chrome
|
✕ | ✕ |
Firefox
|
✕ | ✕ |
Safari
|
✕ | ✕ |
Edge
|
✕ | ✕ |
IE (Legacy)
|
✕ | ✕ |
DPX
DPX Strengths
- Industry standard for transferring uncompressed, high-fidelity film and VFX data
- Rich industry-specific metadata including timecode, keykode, and film stock information
- Supports logarithmic color spaces (LogC, Cineon) to preserve the massive dynamic range of film negatives
Limitations
- Massive file sizes (e.g., a single 4K 10-bit frame is ~50MB, resulting in ~1.2GB per second at 24fps)
- Zero native support in web browsers or consumer OS image viewers
- Requires heavy-duty, fast storage infrastructure (RAID/NVMe) to playback in real-time
XWD
XWD Strengths
- Provides an exact, raw pixel dump directly from the X11 display server memory without compression overhead
- Extremely fast for Unix environments to generate during low-level graphical debugging
Limitations
- Completely uncompressed, resulting in large, bloated file sizes
- Zero support in web browsers or modern desktop environments without specialized graphics translation tools
- Verbose legacy MIME strings like 'image/x-xwindowdump' require backend normalization in modern applications
When to choose which format
DPX
Use DPX when…
- Film Scanning
- Visual Effects (VFX)
- Digital Intermediate (DI)
- Color Grading
- Archival
XWD
Use XWD when…
- X Window System (X11) Display Debugging and Screenshots
- Legacy Unix/Linux System Administration